Friday, September 4, 2015

LAWS GUIDING PUBLIC CIVIL SERVICE EMPLOYEES IN NIGERIA

Section  318 (1)  provides that civil service in Nigeria means  service of the federation in a civil capacity as staff of the  government  assigned with the  responsibility for any business of the government. Section 318 (1) interpretation section) 
 Public service means the service of the federation  or state in any capacity in respect of  the government.  

Examples of employees under civil service includes;
-    Employees that are staffs of the  president or governor,

-   Employer that are   staffs of  the  vice president or deputy governor
-   Employees that are staffs of  a ministry or department of the government  in the federal or state level.     

Examples of public service employees are as follows;       
-    Clerk or other staff of the national assembly or of each  house of the national  assembly
-   Member of the staff of the various courts  of  the state or federation 
-   Member or staff or any commission or  authority established for the federation by this constitution or by an act of the national  assembly
-   Staff  of any educational institution established  by the  government 
-   Staff  or officers of the armed forces, Nigeria police force or other government  security agencies public services  is a  governmental body which provides the public with  essential goods  or services such as electric power etc
-   Civil service covers the employees  of both  the state and federal  government ,  whose, service are not   fund generation or profit making  oriented, but totally depends on the government for its existence
-   The achievements of  the civil  services  are into measured  in monetary terms
-   The public service  achievements are measured in monetary terms 

In civil services, its  employees are  permanent staffs or officers of the government, no matter the change of the political office holders

In public service, the  change of  government can  affect its employees and deny  the of their employment
In the public service the educational qualification for its employees is  at least a degree in public administration, to  enable  them acquire the  necessary skills to serve in that capacity.
-   In the civil services,  the are  4  services  class, with its own educational degree. They are as follows ;
-   A. ordinary service : they  have “first  school leaving certificate “ as their  qualification
-   Intermediate service : they work  with school leaving certificate  and must have competed a vocational training
-   Higher   inermechate service : they work with  university  entrance i.e. o level or a  level qualification
-   Higher service: here  their  educational  qualifications a university  degree
-   Civil  servant are usually  accountable to the ministry the work  under
-   While public   service on the  other hand, are directly accountable to the government 
-   Civil services  is made up of employees  who  are  usually experts or professionals in their fields
-   On the other hand, public services  is based on works that  are executor in nature
-   A civil servant can work in a public services company but
-   A public servant cannot work under the civil  service  sector
Seen at www.enote.com.
-   Another differentiating  factor, si  that while the civil  servants are usually attached to the government,
-   The public servants  renders  services to  the public directly 
-   This is seen at  www.ask.com.
-   In  civil services,  the  working hours of its employees are  stipulated and timed. The normal  work hour, is from 8.00am to  4.00pm (Except overtime or for other special reasons)
-   In the  public service, there is no time specifications, rather the  employees  run shifts.  
-   In civil  service, during  holidays  e.g  public  holidays, their  employee are allowed the free day out of work,
-   But  in the public service,  they do not   observe public  holidays or any other holiday because the nature of their  job requires them to constantly be at  their work posts for the  welfare of the public
-   In the civil service, at the  probationary period  between the time of employment  and confirmation of employment which  lasts for  2 years .
-   In public service the probationary period varies  from  6 months to  2 years .
In  the  civil service their primary source of funds is the government. In  some  course the civil  services  in discharging  its obligations may  realized  funds their  from which their account to the  government.  The  government  appropriate  this  funds  and  given a share  of it to the civil service by way of annual  budget.

On the  other hand  the public services obtains it  revenue by way of  tax system in other wards the government tax masses obtained revenue from  natural resources  which it  uses in carrying out its functions  

The  civil service is  headed by the  director general. The   director   general is directly accountable to the public while in the public  services it is  headed by  the  governor  at the state level   and the president at the federal level

The civil service is made up governmental    ministries and departments while public services is  made up of  civil service and  other  agencies  corporations  for instance  M.N.P.C  

The public service compasses both civil servants and those working in parastatals, agencies and corporation. The civil service is manned by civil servants while the public service is manned by public servants
The public  service enjoy  better working  conditions of service than  the civil servant  in the civil service as  revenue  accrued  to it  is unlimited unlike the civil  service 

The civil service is controlled by the civil commission while the public service is controlled by the board of directors

The civil service commission controls the civil service by investigation either upon complaint or  upon its own motion concerning  any matter touching on the administration of the  civil service system.

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